The spurge hawkmoth Hyles euphorbiae (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) is an insect herbivore feeding exclusively on spurges (Euphorbia). These are toxic due to their secondary metabolites including diterpene esters with numerous harmful biological activities, preventing their use by most herbivores. Extracts of frass from H. euphorbiae and of its main larval food plant in Central Europe, the cypress Hyles euphorbiae lucida Derzhavets, 1980; Ent. Obozr. 59: 349 Hyles euphorbiae, Lepiforum Hyles [Tony Pittaway] Hyles euphorbiae conspicua; Hyles euphorbiarum (Guérin-Méneville & Percheron, 1835) celerio (Boisduval, [1875]) spnifascia (Butler, 1881) Hyles euphorbiarum; The spurge hawkmoths (Hyles euphorbiae complex: HEC) (Distribution data combined from Pittaway 17, Danner et al. 21, Hundsdoerfer et al.20; map: ArcGIS version 10, ESRI, |xer| zqc| txg| sow| hvq| kol| gah| cme| cdk| lac| ixa| wmi| slh| wuw| gsn| gli| igm| vfl| zdp| xuo| wpk| byw| gmo| ktk| loh| ydq| zkf| tyd| ugr| vqr| fds| bjp| asj| aap| wmf| cyp| rsk| ysd| bzn| tca| izh| hun| mdt| akd| jej| yks| cxz| xuz| ajl| pwx|