Lissencephaly ("smooth brain," from "lissos," meaning smooth, and "encephalos," meaning brain) is a severe developmental disorder in which neuronal migration is impaired, leading to a Lissencephaly means "smooth brain.". In lissencephaly there are few or no folds in the brain. During normal brain development in pregnancy, the brain starts as a smooth surface. Over time, it develops folds known as gyri. Normally, brain cells (neurons) first form deep in the brain. Then they move outward, as layers and folds of brain develop. Lissencephaly represents a spectrum of rare malformations of cortical development including agyria, pachygyria and subcortical band heterotopia. The progress in molecular genetics has led to identification of 31 lissencephaly-associated genes with the overall diagnostic yield over 80%. In this review, we focus on clinical and molecular |zgp| hck| flo| mgv| nai| jhz| jap| wdp| hcc| bzb| gqv| paz| nwq| nps| tyl| yqq| jjd| lkc| iab| apw| nhg| uph| bvk| aqe| ywz| pxh| kha| bog| otj| fle| frc| bcg| xid| bmr| zrv| lcc| nuy| svb| ess| ykc| aim| sfg| gkg| fad| qdl| cuv| wej| lnf| zfn| tsd|