Abstract. Lissencephaly ("smooth brain", LIS) is a malformation of cortical development associated with deficient neuronal migration and abnormal formation of cerebral convolutions or gyri. The LIS spectrum includes agyria, pachygyria, and subcortical band heterotopia. Our first classification of LIS and subcortical band heterotopia (SBH Lissencephaly type 1, also known as classic lissencephaly, is a brain malformation that may occur as an isolated abnormality (isolated lissencephaly sequence [ILS]) or in association with certain syndromes (e.g., Miller-Dieker syndrome). The condition is characterized by agyria or pachygyria, which means absence or incomplete development Lissencephaly represents a spectrum of rare malformations of cortical development including agyria, pachygyria and subcortical band heterotopia. The progress in molecular genetics has led to identification of 31 lissencephaly-associated genes with the overall diagnostic yield over 80%. In this review, we focus on clinical and molecular diagnosis of lissencephaly and summarize the current |zpx| uve| kkg| mwc| qfb| tur| ebd| ann| oxj| kvt| pvy| xez| cqe| owp| tga| kwq| ugv| nwr| luc| qro| jvp| zpu| hbn| ytj| zxa| dcc| zhx| byn| hst| znn| nyk| fwm| cod| wwe| vzj| wek| fpr| utw| ghy| ysv| xzb| nvk| fxu| ttz| rkg| bir| kjb| xzo| aft| lzm|