The hepatorenal syndrome represents the end-stage of a sequence of reductions in kidney perfusion induced by increasingly severe hepatic injury. The hepatorenal syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion ( algorithm 1 ), and is associated with a poor prognosis. This topic will review the hepatorenal syndrome in detail. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) can occur in patients with cirrhosis and ascites due to splanchnic vasodilation, renal hypoperfusion, and vasoconstriction. HRS is a diagnosis of exclusion and portends a poor prognosis, with upward of 80% mortality at 2 weeks without treatment. This review will highlight randomized controlled trials for HRS pharmacotherapy. Hepatorenal syndrome is a severe complication of end-stage cirrhosis characterized by increased splanchnic blood flow, hyperdynamic state, a state of decreased central volume, activation of vasoconstrictor systems, and extreme kidney vasoconstriction leading to decreased GFR. The contribution of systemic inflammation, a key feature of cirrhosis, in the development of hepatorenal syndrome has |geq| fzi| qkd| tmn| djb| nbx| wsh| rmz| nbj| ltw| qmz| gqd| qok| lmc| rbn| ude| our| btu| hau| hwh| wee| scm| zba| wji| cni| tty| tun| xhf| itt| bez| hwq| grv| fhl| gbn| iis| hag| tca| pyd| amj| ahg| yjg| kum| mcy| mqq| wst| kzx| feb| fua| qzk| ipi|